Gradient echo (GE, GRE, FLASH, SPGR, T1-FFE, FE) is one of the hardest elements of MRI to understand. Image signal and contrast in spoiled gradient echo depends upon three user-selected parameters: Flip angle <90º TR – repetition time, typically > 10 ms TE – echo time, typically > 2 ms Signal and contrast also depend … More Gradient echo signal and contrast